Chichen Itza is the most famous Maya city in Mexico. In fact, it lies in the heart of the Yucatán Peninsula. Moreover, it is a UNESCO World Heritage site and one of the New Seven Wonders of the World. As a result, Chichen Itza is a must for anyone interested in ancient civilisations.
So, this guide covers the main monuments, practical tips and how to get there.
History of Chichen Itza
Chichen Itza flourished from around AD 600 to 1200. At its peak, it was also one of the largest Maya cities and a major centre of trade and religion. Interestingly, its name means “at the mouth of the well of the Itzá”. In fact, its sacred cenote was central to city life.
Highlights of Chichen Itza
El Castillo (Temple of Kukulcán)
Above all, the great step pyramid dominates the site. Moreover, each side has 91 steps. With the top platform, they add up to 365, like the days of the year. Then, at the spring and autumn equinoxes, shadows create the image of a serpent sliding down the stairs. However, climbing the pyramid has been forbidden since 2006.
The Great Ball Court
This is the largest ball court in ancient Mesoamerica, about 168 metres long. Here, players hit a heavy rubber ball through stone rings on the walls. Also, the acoustics are remarkable: a clap echoes many times.
Temple of the Warriors
Meanwhile, rows of carved columns show warriors in full dress. Beside it, the Group of a Thousand Columns once supported a large roof. Above all, look for the reclining Chac Mool statue at the top of the temple.
El Caracol Observatory
In contrast, this round building was probably an observatory. Indeed, its windows align with the movements of Venus. So, it shows how advanced Maya astronomy was.
The Sacred Cenote
Finally, a path leads to a huge natural sinkhole. In the past, the Maya threw offerings into it, including jade, gold and even people. However, swimming is not allowed here. Instead, visit Cenote Ik Kil nearby for a swim. Learn more in our guide to cenotes.
Tips for Visiting Chichen Itza
- Arrive at opening time: The site opens at 8 am. So, you avoid the heat and the tour buses.
- Hire a guide: Licensed guides at the entrance explain the symbols and history.
- Pay two fees: Entry includes a federal fee and a Yucatán state fee.
- Bring water and a hat: There is little shade.
- Stay nearby: Hotels close to the site, or in Valladolid, make early visits easy.
How to Get to Chichen Itza
- From Cancún: About 2.5 hours by car or bus. Many day tours leave from Cancún and Tulum.
- From Mérida: About 1.5 to 2 hours by car.
- By train: The Maya Train has a station near the site.
For more about its heritage, see the UNESCO page for Chichen Itza.
Final Thoughts on Chichen Itza
Chichen Itza reveals the genius of Maya builders and astronomers. Above all, come early to enjoy it in peace. Afterwards, explore Teotihuacan near Mexico City. Discover all our Mexico travel guides.
